تالار گفتگوی بیداری اندیشه

صفحه: 1 2 3 4 5

Assassination of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)

Since His Eminence, Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) was famous among all and worthy of respect and honor of the Muslims and all the Alawites, it was hard upon the tyrant Abbaside, Mutamid. And they were not able to bear this honor and respect of Imam (a.s), therefore they decided to poison the Imam (a.s). And they proceeded with the plan. And when His Eminence was poisoned, he fell down on the earth due to the severe effect of pain and discomfort of the poison. In spite of this the Imam bore the pain and discomfort patiently.

Vigilance of the Abbaside rule

The Abbaside rule became severely vigilant and they were horrified. Therefore Mutamid Abbaside ordered five of his confidants and one of his servants instructed Nahrir not to leave the house of His Eminence and observe all the information connected with the Imam (a.s) closely and to pass on the information to him. On the other hand he formed a medical committee and ordered them to visit His Eminence every morning and late afternoon. Two days after the poison was administered to His Eminence his condition worsened and he became weak. Mutamid commanded the physicians they must not leave the side of Imam (a.s) and not leave him alone. In the same way he instructed the chief Qazi who was that day appointed as a minister. He in turn provided ten people to further subject the Imam to surveillance with clear orders not to be away from the side of Imam (a.s).

Due to the effect of the terrible poison, the condition of His Eminence became more and more serious and the physicians became hopeless to save him. Therefore, the Imam turned to Qibla and immersed himself in the remembrance of Allah and recitation of the Holy Quran. And with complete entreaty and weeping sought the proximity of Allah and supplicated and pleaded till his purified soul flew away towards the high heavens and towards the Lord and was welcomed by the angels and the pure souls of the Prophets and saints.

The death and martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) at that time was great loss and a severe calamity for the whole world of Islam while the Muslim community had been deprived of the great religious guide and protector of human rights. Therefore plaintive cries and mournful chorus arose from the house of Imam (a.s).

The Last rites of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)

At last the purified body of Imam (a.s) was given the funeral bath, anointed, shrouded and readied for the funeral prayers. Abu Isa Ibne Mutawakkil was appointed by Mutamid, the Abbaside to recite the funeral prayer. (It has come in narrations that Ja'far, the uncle of Imam-e-Zaman (a.s) stepped forward to recite the prayer but Imam-e-Zaman (a.s) pulled him back and said, “I am more deserving to pray over my father than you.” After that he recited the prayer over the holy corpse of his father. At that time Ja'far's face became red in shame. Those who were present there asked him regarding the Awaited Imam, who had prayed on his father. He said he did not know him. After the funeral prayers were over the regime ordered to keep the face of the Imam open so that Bani Hashim, Abbasides and defense officials, civil servants, chiefs of organizations and government magistrates may see His Eminence for the last time. At that moment he said in this way: This is Hasan Ibne Ali Ibne

Muhammad Ibne Reza, who has died a natural death, while such and such employees of the caliph and so and so officials of the chief Judge were at his bedside. After that he covered the face of the Holy Imam (a.s). They did thus so that the Abbaside regime may not be held responsible for having poisoned the Imam like they had poisoned his grandfather, Imam Musa Ibne Ja'far.

Elaborate arrangements of the Funeral Procession of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)

People from all walks of life of Samarrah converged on the residence of the Imam (a.s) in aggrieved condition to participate in the funeral. All the official organizations, courts and markets closed down and Samarrah resembled a scene of apocalypse.

Till that day Samarrah had not seen such a huge gathering in a funeral. People came in groups and in crowds and participated in the funeral of the Holy Imam. They paid condolence to each other and comforted each other for the gigantic loss suffered by the community. They reminded each other of the virtues and merits of the Holy Imam (a.s).

Burial Place of Imam Hasan Askari

The holy body of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) was buried in his own house besides the grave of his respected father, Imam Ali al-Hadi (a.s). Yes! The beloved of the Holy Prophet of Allah and the illuminated leaf and a luminary of the Holy Progeny was at last buried.The Alawite Sadat and Abbasides stood besides the grave. People came in groups and paid condolence to them and the funeral program came to an end. People departed for their homes in aggrieved condition with heavy hearts.

Raid on the house of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s)

The Abbaside regime was so much terrified and concerned regarding the Awaited Imam that they immediately surrounded the house of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) and the neighboring houses also in case a lady of the Imam (a.s) may be hiding there. The house of Imam (a.s) was thoroughly searched and then sealed and locked and it was instructed to some woman to keep strict vigilance on the ladies of the Imam's household. And if anyone of them were to be pregnant she was to be arrested. Till the time they were informed that a lady was pregnant. She was immediately taken into custody and put under the charge of Nahrir and some lady officers. The oppressive Abbaside rulers took such severe measures so that the Awaited Imam may not come and destroy their rule. However, divine will is not that it could be prevented by such raids and searches etc.

Delegation from Qom

A group of Iranians from Qom departed for Samarrah carrying some monies as trusts and religious payments of the Shias of Qom to visit His Eminence, Imam Hasan Askari and to deliver him the monies. But when they reached Samarrah they learnt that Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) had passed away. Some servants of Ja’far told them that after him the Imam was Ja’far. At that same time Ja’far has gone out with his singers and musicians to entertain himself on the banks of Tigris River. That is why the delegation of Qom did not believe that Ja’far could be the Imam because they knew that an Imam and a Divine Proof is aloof from sinful acts and disobedience. Thus they decided to see him and learn the truth about him. So they arrived when Ja’far returned home and met him saying: We are a group of Shias from Qom and we bring some monies for our master, Imam Hasan Askari (a.s). Ja’far did not let them complete the sentence and asked in haste: Where are the moniesa “With us”, they replied but they requested Ja’far to tell them about the amount of money they had brought and who had given it to them. Because previously whenever they came to Imam Hasan Askari

(a.s) he used to inform them all these things. Ja’far was dumbfounded and did not know what to do. Ja’far protested that they were lying and the knowledge of the unseen was only for Allah and his brother was not having such knowledge. The delegation of Qom was further perplexed and they looked at each other. But Ja’far told them in an angry and harsh tone to hand him the money. The group said that they were representatives of the people of Qom and that they would hand him the monies only if he could furnish some signs like Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) used to do. Therefore if he were their Imam he should prove that he is the Imam otherwise they would return the monies to their respective owners. On hearing this reply Ja’far hurried to the Abbaside Caliph and informed him about the matter concerning the group from Qom. Ja’far sought his help in taking hold of the monies from the Qummi group. The Caliph also pressured the Qummis and said to them, “Give this money to Ja’far.” The Qom delegation said that they were representatives and agents of people of Qom. “They have requested us not to give these monies to anyone without getting a proof of Imamate. And this same procedure was prevalent during the time of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s).”

“What was that sign that Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) presented ?”

The group said, “Without us saying anything, His Eminence used to inform us the details of whatever we had brought. And when we used to be reassured that the Imam is perfectly knowing those things we used to hand them over to him. Now if this man is the owner of Guardianship (Wilayat) like his brother he should inform us about these things and explain their quantity and condition so that we can hand it over to him. Otherwise we would convey it back to the owners.”

Ja’far was infuriated and he turned to the Caliph and said, “O Master of believers! These people attribute falsehood to my brother because this is knowledge of the unseen and my brother had no such knowledge.”

The Caliph paid no attention to the statement of Ja’far but said, “They are agents and they are not the owners so they could not be held responsible for their decision.”

The delegation implored the Caliph to help them leave the city in safety and security. The Caliph ordered they be taken out of the city under police protection and none should obstruct their passage.

The Qom delegation left the boundaries of the city and all of a sudden they decried a handsome young man who mentioned each of their names and said, “Accept your Master!” The group said, “Are you the master of Guardianshipa” The youth replied, “Refuge of Allah (No)! Rather I am the slave and the obedient one of your Master, so come with me to be in the presence of our Master.”

The Qom group happily followed the young man. When they reached the house of Imam (a.s) they saw that the Imam was sitting on a platform wearing a green dress. His face shone like a full moon. They saluted the Holy Imam (a.s) and after they had made themselves comfortable the Imam informed them about the amount of monies with them and the details of other items as well.

The Qom group fell into prostration of thanks for Almighty Allah for having given them the recognition of their Imam and the Divine Proof. After that they posed some religious queries to His Eminence and His Eminence provided the replies. Then they handed over the monies and goods to the Imam. His Eminence instructed them that in future they must not bring anything to Samarrah but that it should be handed over to the Imam's representative in Baghdad. The Imam's written communications must also be taken from this representative. In that same gathering Imam (a.s) gave a shroud and camphor to Abu Abbas Muhammad Ibne Ja’far Qummi Himyari and said, “May Allah magnify your rewards...”

After having received these favors the group bid farewell to His Eminence and departed for Iran and Qom and during the journey when they reached between Uqbah and the area of Hamadan, the above-mentioned gentleman, Abu Abbas died.

Ja’far and the Abbaside Caliph

After the passing away of the Imam Hasan Askari (a.s), Ja’far sent 20000 Dinars to the Abbaside Caliph and requested him to bestow Ja’far the status and position the eleventh Imam was having. The Abbasides replied to him that the position and elevated status of the previous Imam was not bestowed by them but it was from the Almighty Allah. He further confessed that they had applied all their resources to destroy all that but the Almighty Allah continued to elevate the position of the Holy Imam. That's why His Eminence was having perfections of knowledge, merit and virtues. So if Ja’far was having the same elevated status in the view of the Shias and followers of the Holy Imam he did not need anything else. But if the Shias of Imam Askari (a.s) do not recognize the merits it is evident that he did not possess what his late brother was having. In such circumstances any assistance from the Abbasides would be useless for Ja’far.

In fact the statement of the Abbaside Caliph was true, that the position and status of Iman (a.s) was not in the control of the Abbasides, that they may bestow it to anyone they pleased. Rather the personality of the Imam and his honorable post was from the Almighty Allah. And it is He alone who selects the best of His servants for Imamate and guardianship (Wilayat). The Abbaside regime had concentrated all their efforts to bring down the elevated position and status that was possessed by Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) and the other Imams. And they considered

every type of atrocity and tyranny permissible on the Ahle Bayt and their followers. In spite of this their position and success increased day by day. And trust and satisfaction of the people with regard to His Eminence continued to increase. However, Ja'far with his false claim of Imamate and Wilayat continued to suffer loss and his request to the Abbaside Caliph was of no avail and he did not succeed in achieving this position and honor

The Minor Occultation

The oppressive Abbasid caliphs tried very much to arrest His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) and put him to death. Therefore the Almighty Allah bestowed a great favor and mercy on His Eminence, the Awaited Imam and kept him away from the eyes of the Abbasids, just like He had concealed the great-grandfather, the Prophet of Islam (a.s) from the view of the Quraish who had gathered to assassinate him and the Holy Prophet (a.s) came out from among them and they did not see him. In the same way His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) was among Abbasides but they were not able to see him. In the forthcoming discussion we would present some details about the period of the Minor Occultation.

Period of Minor Occultation

The period of minor occultation commenced from the time of the martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) in 260 A.H. After the passing away of his respected father, His Eminence disappeared from the view of people and only some believers, righteous persons and trustworthy gentlemen met His Eminence as we shall discuss in the forthcoming pages.

Place and situation of Minor Occultation

His Eminence disappeared in his house in Samarrah where the holy graves of holy grandfather, His Eminence, Imam Ali al-Hadi (a.s) and his father, His Eminence, Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) are situated.

Lies And Allegations

Shias and followers of the school of Ahle Bayt (a.s) are made targets of unjust calumnies and allegations. And many false things are heaped upon those who have always served the religion of Islam and helped in its spread. One of these concocted and shameful allegations is regarding the Awaited Imam. According to them Shias claim that His Eminence, had disappeared into the cellar and in this also there are two statements, one of them mentions a cellar in Babel and another in Samarrah.

1. Cellar in Babel

Ibne Khaldun has mentioned the location of the cellar to be in Babel. He says: The Shias think that their twelfth Imam is Muhammad Ibne Hasan al-Askari (a.s) and that his title is Mahdi. He entered the cellar of his house in Hilla with his mother and disappeared from there. And he will reappear in the last period of time and fill the earth with equity and justice. The Shias quote the tradition that Tirmidhi has recorded in his book regarding Mahdi.

And they (the Shias) still await for him and that's why they refer to him as “the Awaited Imam” and every evening after the sunset prayers they wait outside the entrance of this cellar with a steed calling him by his name and urging him to reappear. They continue till the stars fade from the sky and then disperse to return again the next day.This statement of Ibne Khaldun is a lie and calumny and full of malice and hatred towards the Holy Ahle Bayt (a.s) and their followers. We shall point out some of the factual errors of Ibne Khaldun as below:Firstly: On the basis of his statement quoted above, Ibne Khaldun has rejected the existence of His Eminence, the Awaited Imam (a.s) whereas there are numerous traditions and narrations of the Holy Prophet of Islam (a.s) regarding His Eminence and his reappearance. Such that they reach to the level of Tawatur (widely narrated) and certainty. The well-known scholar and teacher-researcher, Agha Ahmad Muhammad Shakir has explained the weakness of the statements of Ibne Khaldun and he says:“Ibne Khaldun has followed a thing about which he has no knowledge and has put himself in a way that is full of difficulties and it is not a way traversed by knowledge of narrators. His involvement in political affairs of the rulers and governments has hindered him. That is why he has conjectured that the belief of Mahdi is a Shiite belief. And in his book, Muqaddimah, he has written a detailed chapter: Section regarding the Fatimi when people go to him by his command.”The belief of Shias and all the Muslims regarding His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) is a part of the Islamic Messengership. Whoever denies it, has in fact denied Islam as some scholars of Ahle Sunnat have explained it. We shall discuss this also in the coming pages.Secondly: In this statement the errors and factual mistakes of Ibne Khaldun is that he says: The Awaited Imam entered the cellar with his mother and disappeared from there. This allegation is one that exposes his weakness, because:

A. The mother of His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) had died two years prior to the martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari (a.s), as we have already mentioned in the beginning chapters of this book.

B. No Shia or non-Shia historian has ever written that His Eminence was arrested or that the Abbaside ruler had got power over them. Neither at Hilla nor anywhere else: What Ibne Khaldun has quoted regarding the Shias is pure calumny and an allegation, and it inverts the beliefs of the Shias.Thirdly: Among the allegations of Ibne Khaldun against the Shias is that Shias gather before the entrance of the cellar in Hilla and present a mount for him and pray for his advent and reappearance.Shias are present in all parts of the world and such a thing has never been heard or seen. And they are aloof from all kinds of such lies. Yes, such types of calumnies and allegations have been concocted by Ibne Khaldun, who himself possessed not a single merit or virtue.

2. Existence of cellar in Samarrah

Some Ahle Sunnat historians have written that Shias say the Awaited Imam (a.s) disappeared into the cellar in his house in Samarrah.Historians like:

(A) Suwaidi

He says: “The Shias believe that the Awaited Imam (a.s) disappeared in the cellar of his house in Samarrah in 260 A.H. and the protectors protect him.”

(B) Ibne Taiymiyah

He thinks that Shias believe that the Awaited Imam (a.s) is alive in a cellar in Samarrah and that they are awaiting his reappearance from that same cellar.

He has also mentioned the same thing and on the basis of the view of Ibne Khallikan he has associated it to Shias and quoted from Ibne Khallikan that: “The Shias believe that Imam Mahdi (The Awaited Imam) is the inmate of the cellar and in the last age he would reappear from that same cellar in Samarrah.” He says: “The Awaited Imam entered the cellar in 265 AH while his mother saw him do it.” Then he has quoted two couplets in his praise as follows:

Is it not time for the cellar that it should show up the one whom you have made a human on the basis of your ignorance ?Then may locks be on your senses because you have concocted a third, after the griffon (legendary bird) and ghoul (legendary desert demon).

[/i]

May a handful of mud be upon the faces of these poets who have criticized that in which the Shias have no belief. This poet and others like him have heaped calumnies against Shias. And all this is due to the hatred and malice they harbor against the Shias. And this is not only against the Shias, it is also against the Imams of guidance, those from whom Allah has removed all impurities.

(D) Qaseemi

Abdullah Qaseemi has also alleged falsehood against the Shias regarding the Awaited Imam as follows that the readers may also note. It is nothing but a false word and lie of Qaseemi: “In fact the greatest stupid and dogmatic are those who have made their Imam in the cellar and kept the Quran and their scrolls concealed with him. And it is the same people, who every night, take their horses and asses in front of the cellar and await for the Hidden Imam and they call him to reappear. They follow the same ritual since the last thousand years.”

Allamah Muhaqqiq Amini has written a gloss on these black words of Qaseemi as follows: “The calumny of the cellar is the worst of allegations, though before this some writers of Ahle Sunnat have mentioned the same allegation in their books, but Qaseemi has added to it. It is that he has added horses and asses to it. And also claimed that the Shias have a custom of standing before the cellar with their horses and asses since a thousand years. While the Shias do not believe that the occultation of the Imam (a.s) was in the cellar and neither was it that the Shias have made him disappear in the cellar. They also do not believe that he would reappear from the cellar. Rather the belief of the Shias that is supported by traditions of Ahle Bayt (a.s) is that His Eminence would reappear in Mecca next to the Holy Ka'ba. None have said that he is in the cellar.”

Investigation in this matter

Here it is necessary that we have a brief discussion on this topic. Because a cellar which is besides the graves of Imam al-Hadi and Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) is revered by all the Shias. Just as the Abbaside caliph, Nasiruddinollah also considered it holy because it was the place of prayers of three Imams: His Eminence, Hadi, His Eminence, Askari and His Eminence, the Proof (Hujjat (a.s), and thus he put a grill on it. And none of the Shia scholars and historians have said that His Eminence, the Awaited Imam (a.s) has disappeared into the cellar, whether it be a cellar in Samarrah or Hilla or Baghdad. Let us see the view of some Shia scholars:

(A) Muhaddith Noori

Muhaddith Noori the complier of Mustadrak says: “Though we have scanned history we do not find what they say. Actually there is no mention of the cellar in the traditions.”

(B) Allamah Sadruddin

Allamah Sadruddin says: “Most Sunni scholars say that Shias believe that the Imam of the time disappeared in the cellar. But this claim of Sunnis has no firm basis and we find no such thing in existence among the Shias.”

(C ) Muhaqqiq Arbili

Muhaqqiq Arbili says: “Those who say that His Eminence exists do not say that he is in the cellar. Rather they say that like others he walks and lives on the earth.”

(D) Muhaqqiq Amini

A while before we had mentioned some statements of Allamah Amini that he had boldly issued against those allegations. The following is the final portion of his discourse in this regard:

“Alas! These allegation-makers on the topic of cellar:

if only they had sufficed on one allegation it would not have exposed their fallacies further. Ibne Batuta would not have said that this cellar is in Hilla and Qirmani would not have claimed that it is in Baghdad and others would not have remarked that it is in Samarrah. And then after this Qaseemi would not have remained perplexed and astonished and he would have simply mentioned the word of “Cellar” without stating anything about its location and town, so that his defect would have remained concealed.”

Therefore the disappearance of His Eminence, the Awaited Imam (a.s) in the cellar is a piece of fiction that none has mentioned it in the whole history of Shias. Rather the haters and enemies of the Shias have concocted it and attributed it to the Shias.

The Great Emissaries of the Imam of the time (a.s)

His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) appointed some prominent scholars and worthy people as his emissaries so that they may act as medium between the Imam and the Shias. Their function was to convey the problems and queries of the Shias to His Eminence and seek their solution from His Eminence. We have already mentioned some of these queries in the past pages. In the following pages we shall provide some details about the special representatives of the Holy Imam (a.s).

1. Uthman bin Saeed Amri

He was the first representative and ambassador of His Eminence. He had the honor of being the Imam's representative for a long time. He was a very worthy personality and most trustworthy and reliable gentleman. Let us briefly discuss the life and times of Uthman bin Saeed.

Uthman bin Saeed's services to the Imam (a.s)

Uthman bin Saeed remained in the service of the Holy Imam (a.s) for many years. He joined the services of the Infallible Imams (a.s) when he was just a lad of eleven.

At that time, the situation was very tense and especially during the rule of the Bani Abbas and Mutawakkil, the tyrant Abbaside who was absolutely cruel and atrocious on the Holy Imam, and he subjected them to constant surveillance and surrounded them with police and kept them under house arrest. Uthman bin Saeed for the sake of their holy mission of Imamate and Wilayat (Guardianship) posed as an oil-vendor till he got the appellationof “Samman”. And in this disguise he became a link between the Shias and their Imam. The Shias sent to him their religious payments and he also put these monies in the oil containers and delivered them to His Eminence, Imam Hadi (a.s) and after that to Imam Askari (a.s) and thus by this he used to solve the financial problems of the Holy Imams. And after those two Imams, he also received the honor of representing His Eminence, the Awaited Imam (a.s).

Trustworthiness and reliability of Uthman bin Saeed

According to historical sources and biographical sciences, Uthman bin Saeed was among the trustworthy, pious and just people. So much so, that His Eminence, Imam Hadi (a.s) has certified his reliability and introduced him to be a trustworthy person:

A. Ahmad bin Ishaq has narrated that he asked Abul Hasan, Imam Hadi (a.s) from whom should he take the material of Imam (a.s) and whose statement should be accepta

His Eminence, Imam Hadi (a.s) guided him to the course of truth and reality and said: “Amri (Uthman bin Saeed) is my trustworthy associate, so whatever he conveys to you on my behalf it is in fact from myself, and whatever he has said on my behalf, it is in fact what I have said. Thus listen and obey him because he is trustworthy and reliable...”

These certifications of the master of Wilayat (Guardianship) and infallibility, His Eminence, Imam Hadi (a.s) regarding Uthman bin Saeed Amri prove that Uthman bin Saeed held an esteemed position and trustworthy status with the Imam (a.s).

B. A person inquired from His Eminence, Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) regarding Amri.

His Eminence replied: “Al-Amri and his son, both of them are trustworthy and reliable. Whatever they convey to you from me is in fact from me, and whatever they say on my behalf is actually what I have said. Thus listen to them and obey them because they are worthy of trust and are reliable.”

C. A matter that proves the position and elevated status of Uthman bin Saeed and confirms his trustworthiness and reliability is that letter of His Eminence, Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) that he sent to Ibrahim bin Abde Nishapuri, commanding him to obey and follow Uthman bin Saeed: “Do not leave the town till you meet Amri and be in his charge and obedience. Recognize him and let him also recognize you. Because he is a pure, chaste and trustworthy man in our view...”

These statements and other certifications, all inform us of the piety and elevated status of Uthman bin Saeed.

Deputyship of Uthman bin Saeed from His Eminence, the Awaited Imam (a.s)

Uthman bin Saeed was having the absolute deputyship and general representation of His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s). He was a link between His Eminence and his Shias. He used to convey their letters, rights and religious payments to His Eminence. And no one else had received such trust and deputyship among the Shias from His Eminence.

Death of Uthman bin Saeed

The blessed grave of Uthman bin Saeed is in Baghdad besides Rasafa where the believers and religious people visit it.Shaykh Tusi says: “We used to visit the grave of Uthman bin Saeed and the Ziyarat was performed openly. This practice continued from the time I arrived in Baghdad in 408 A.H. till the year 430.”

Shaykh Tusi further says, “The Governor, Muhammad bin Faraj had a metal enclosure constructed over the grave of Uthman bin Saeed and the neighbors and people visit the grave and obtain blessings therefrom.”

Condolence of the Awaited Imam (a.s)

After the death of Uthman bin Saeed, His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) sent condolence letter to his knowledgeable son, Muhammad bin Uthman as follows:“Indeed we are from Allah and to Him we shall return...We submit to His command and are satisfied with His decree. Your father has lived in good fortune and has passed away with dignity. May Allah's mercy be upon him, he has joined his friends and masters. Your father was always in the affair of the Imams (a.s) and whatever would bring him near to Allah. May Allah brighten his countenance!May Allah give you more reward...and from the success of that departed one it is sufficient that he had a son like you, who would succeed him in his place and invoke mercy for him. And I also say that thanks be to my Lord because the hearts of the Shias are happy because of what Allah had made in you. May Allah help you and make you succeed. May He be your guardian and protector.”Just as the sorrowful statements of His Eminence, the Master of the Age prove the trustworthiness and elevated status of Uthman bin Saeed, in the same way they confirm the reliability and trustworthiness of his son, Muhammad bin Uthman, who also possessed great merits and good manners...

2. Muhammad bin Uthman

After the death of his father, Muhammad bin Uthman succeeded to the post of the special deputyship of the Awaited Imam (a.s). Muhammad was among the trustworthy and reliable persons and was a dignified personality of the Shias in his knowledge as well as his actions. Since everyone also trusted him like his father, the Shia people now forwarded their queries and religious payments through him to the Holy Imam. Muhammad bin Uthman then conveyed the replies of the Imam to his Shias.

Justice and Trustworthiness of Muhammad bin Uthman

All biographers of Muhammad Ibne Uthman are unanimous about his work, position and elevated status among the Shias. And this distinction is sufficient for him that he was a special deputy of the Proof of Allah, and the Awaited Imam (a.s). A position held by his father during his lifetime, which after his passing away was transferred to Muhammad Ibne Uthman. The written communication of His Eminence, the Master of the Age, proves his position and elevated status and the letter is as follows:

“And as for Muhammad bin Uthman Amri, may Allah be pleased with him and his father before him, is my trustworthy and reliable associate and his writing is my writing.”

Imam Hasan Askari (a.s) was asked regarding Uthman Amri. He replied: “Amri and his son, both are trustworthy and reliable. Whatever they do on my behalf is in fact from me. And whatever they say on my behalf is in fact my saying. Then listen to and obey them because they are trustworthy and reliable.”

Regarding him, His Eminence, the Master of the Age (a.s) writes in a letter to Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Mahziyar Ahwazi: “Muhammad was always in the time of his father, may Allah be pleased with him, worthy of our trust. He is like his father in our view and he is appointed to his post and he acts according to our commands. May Allah protect him. So act upon what he says.”

And Muhammad bin Uthman has narrated that His Eminence, the Master of the Age (a.s) performed the Hajj Pilgrimage every year. He says, “By Allah! His Eminence, the Master of the Affair (a.s) is present every year in the Hajj season and he sees the people and recognizes them, but the people do not recognize him.”

Writings of Muhammad bin Uthman

Muhammad bin Uthman has compiled a book on Islamic Jurisprudence and traditions that he heard from Imam Hasan Askari (a.s), Imam Mahdi (a.s) and his father, Uthman bin Saeed who had also heard them from the Holy Imams (a.s). Umme Kulthum daughter of Abu Ja'far has mentioned that her father's books reached Husain Ibne Ruh.

Deputyship of Muhammad bin Uthman from Imam Mahdi

Muhammad bin Uthman had the absolute deputyship and general representation from His Eminence, Imam Mahdi (a.s) for fifty years. The Shias came to him from all corners and sent to him their religious payments so that he may convey them to the Imam of the time (a.s). They also received replies to their numerous juristic inquiries through him from the Imam (a.s).

Death of Muhammad bin Uthman

Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Uthman had gained much from faith and piety, therefore when he perceived that his death was near and that he must move towards meeting with Allah, he dug a grave for himself and once in a while descended into it for reciting Quran therein. So much so, that he had inscribed some verses of Quran and names of the Holy Imam on a tablet and had made a bequest that it be buried with him. After a few days his illness worsened and his soul flew away to the ethereal world and he submitted his life to his creator. This occurred in the end of the month of Jamadi I in the year 305 A.H.

صفحه: 1 2 3 4 5

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان

پرنیان